lamaPLC: ESP32 / ESP8266

The ESP32 can operate as a standalone system or as a slave device to a host MCU, reducing communication stack overhead on the central application processor. It can interface with other systems to provide Wi-Fi and Bluetooth functionality via its SPI/SDIO or I²C/UART interfaces. The ESP32 / ESP8266 was designed by Espressif Systems and is manufactured by TSMC using their 40 nm process

The main differences are that the ESP32 has significantly more processing power (a dual-core CPU), more memory, and Bluetooth, while the ESP8266 is older, single-core, and Wi-Fi-only. The ESP32 is better suited to complex projects due to its improved performance and peripheral features, while the ESP8266 is a more affordable choice for simple IoT applications.

A mini wifi board with 4MB flash based on ESP-8266EX / MOD

• 11 digital IO, interrupt/pwm/I2C/one-wire supported(except D0)
• 1 analog input(3.2V max input)
• Type-C USB Port
• LOLIN I²C Port
• Compatible with MicroPython, Arduino, NodeMCU
• Peripherals
  • GPIO: The D1 Mini has 11 GPIO pins that can be programmed to perform a variety of functions. Each GPIO can be configured with an internal pull-up or pull-down resistor, or set to high impedance.
  • PWM: Almost all digital pins (except D0) can produce a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal
  • UART: D1 Mini has a single usable UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) interface
  • I²C: D1 Mini has a single I2C interface
  • SPI: The D1 Mini has one hardware SPI interface (HSPI). It supports the general-purpose SPI features listed below: Full-duplex SPI communication, four timing modes of the SPI format transfer, Clock frequency is 20 MHz at maximum, Up to 64-Byte FIFO
  • ADC: The D1 Mini has a single analog input, A0. This analog input pin can measure voltages from 0 to 3.3V.

For most ESP32 boards, the UART pin assignment is as follows:

About UART1 (GPIO 9 and GPIO 10) – these GPIOs are connected to the ESP32 SPI flash memory, so you can’t use them like that. To use UART1 to communicate with other devices, you must define different pins using the HardwareSerial library.

• CPU and On-Chip Memory
  • ESP32-D0WD embedded, Xtensa dual-core 32-bit LX6 microprocessor, up to 240 MHz
  • 448 KB ROM
  • 520 KB SRAM
  • 8 KB SRAM in RTC
• Wi-Fi
  • 802.11b/g/n
  • Bit rate: 802.11n up to 150 Mbps
  • A-MPDU and A-MSDU aggregation
  • 0.4 µs guard interval support
  • Center frequency range of operating channel: 2412 ~ 2484 MHz
• Bluetooth
  • Bluetooth V4.2 BR/EDR and Bluetooth LE specification
  • Class-1, class-2 and class-3 transmitter
  • AFH
  • CVSD and SBC
• Peripherals
  • Up to 32 GPIOs (5 strapping GPIOs)
  • SD card, UART, SPI, SDIO, I2C, LED PWM, Motor PWM, I2S, IR, pulse counter, GPIO, capacitive touch sensor, ADC, DAC, TWAI (compatible with ISO 11898-1, i.e., CAN Specification 2.0)

For most ESP32 boards, the UART pin assignment is as follows:

About UART1 (GPIO 9 and GPIO 10) – these GPIOs are connected to the ESP32 SPI flash memory, so you can’t use them like that. To use UART1 to communicate with other devices, you must define different pins using the HardwareSerial library.

• A mini wifi board based on ESP32-S2FN4R2
• Type-C USB
• ADC, DAC, I2C, SPI, UART, USB OTG
• Compatible with LOLIN D1 mini shields
• Compatible with MicroPython, Arduino, CircuitPython, and ESP-IDF
• Default firmware: MicroPython
• Operating Voltage: 3.3V
• Digital I/O Pins: 27
• Clock Speed: 240MHz
• Flash: 4M Bytes
• PSRAM: 2M Bytes
• Wi-Fi: IEEE 802.11 b/g/n-compliant Supports 20 MHz, 40 MHz bandwidth in the 2.4 GHz band Single-band 1T1R mode with data rate up to 150 Mbps WMM TX/RX A-MPDU, RX A-MSDU Immediate Block ACK Fragmentation and defragmentation Automatic Beacon monitoring (hardware TSF) 4 × virtual Wi-Fi interfaces Simultaneous support for Infrastructure Station, SoftAP, and Promiscuous modes Note that when ESP32-S2 is in Station mode and performs a scan, the SoftAP channel will change along with the Station channel. Antenna diversity 802.11mc FTM
• Security: Secure boot Flash encryption 4096-bit OTP, up to 1792 bits for users Cryptographic hardware acceleration: AES-128/192/256 (FIPS PUB 197), Hash (FIPS PUB 180-4), RSA, Random Number Generator (RNG), HMAC Digital signature
• Advanced Peripheral Interfaces:
  • 43 × programmable GPIs
  • Digital interfaces:
    • 4 × SPI
    • 1 × I2S
    • 2 × I²C
    • 2 × UART
    • 1 × RMT (TX/RX)
    • LED PWM controller, up to 8 channels
    • 4 × pulse counters
    • 1 × full-speed USB OTG
    • 1 × DVP 8/16 camera interface, implemented using the hardware resources of I2S
    • 1 × LCD interface (8-bit serial RGB/8080/6800), implemented using the hardware resources of SPI2
    • 1 × LCD interface (8/16/24-bit parallel)
    • DMA controller
    • 1 × TWAI® controller compatible with ISO 11898-1 (CAN Specification 2.0)
  • Analog interfaces:
    • 2 × 12-bit SAR ADCs, up to 20 channels
    • 2 × 8-bit DACs
    • 14 × touch sensing GPIOs
    • 1 × temperature sensor

For most ESP32 boards, the UART pin configuration is as follows:

About UART1 (GPIO 9 and GPIO 10) – these GPIOs are connected to the ESP32 SPI flash memory, so you can’t use them for other purposes. To use UART1 to communicate with other devices, you need to assign different pins using the HardwareSerial library.

Choose the board LOLIN S2 MINI or LOLIN S2 PICO.

It includes both RST (reset) and BOOT buttons. The BOOT button puts the board into bootloader mode for uploading code, while the RST button resets the board—useful for restarting and running newly uploaded code.

• A mini wifi board based on ESP32-S3
• Wi-Fi: IEEE 802.11b/g/n-compliant Supports 20 MHz and 40 MHz bandwidth in 2.4 GHz band 1T1R mode with data rate up to 150 Mbps Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) TX/RX A-MPDU, TX/RX A-MSDU Immediate Block ACK Fragmentation and defragmentation Automatic Beacon monitoring (hardware TSF) Four virtual Wi-Fi interfaces Simultaneous support for Infrastructure BSS in Station, SoftAP, or Station + SoftAP modes Note that when ESP32-S3 scans in Station mode, the SoftAP channel will change along with the Station channel Antenna diversity 802.11mc FTM
• Bluetooth: Bluetooth LE: Bluetooth 5, Bluetooth mesh High power mode (20 dBm) Speed: 125 Kbps, 500 Kbps, 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps Advertising extensions Multiple advertisement sets Channel selection algorithm #2 Internal co-existence mechanism between Wi-Fi and Bluetooth to share the same antenna
• CPU and Memory: Xtensa® dual-core 32-bit LX7 microprocessor, Clock speed: up to 240 MHz
• Advanced Peripheral Interfaces
  • 45 programmable GPIOs
  • 4 strapping GPIOs
  • 6 or 7 GPIOs needed for in-package flash or PSRAM
  • ESP32-S3FN8、ESP32-S3R2、ESP32-S3R8、ESP32-S3R8V、ESP32-S3R16V: 6 GPIOs needed
  • ESP32-S3FH4R2: 7 GPIOs needed
  • Digital interfaces:
    • Two SPI ports for communication with flash and RAM
    • Two general-purpose SPI ports
    • LCD interface (8-bit ~ 16-bit parallel RGB, I8080 and MOTO6800), supporting conversion between RGB565, YUV422, YUV420 and YUV411
    • DVP 8-bit ~ 16-bit camera interface
    • Three UARTs
    • Two I2Cs
    • Two I2Ss
    • RMT (TX/RX)
    • Pulse counter
    • LED PWM controller, up to 8 channels
    • Full-speed USB OTG
    • USB Serial/JTAG controller
    • Two Motor Control PWMs (MCPWM)
    • SD/MMC host controller with two slots
    • General DMA controller (GDMA), with 5 transmit channels and five receive channels
    • TWAI® controller, compatible with ISO 11898-1 (CAN Specification 2.0)
    • On-chip debug functionality via JTAG
  • Analog interfaces:
    • Two 12-bit SAR ADCs, up to 20 channels
    • Temperature sensor
    • 14 touch sensing IOs

Using an ESP32-S3, the UART assignment is completely different from other ESP modules. The following table shows the default RX and TX pins for UART0, UART1, and UART2 on the ESP32-S3:

https://www.espressif.com/en/products/
https://www.wemos.cc/en/latest/tutorials/s2/get_started_with_arduino_s2.html
https://documentation.espressif.com/esp32-s2_datasheet_en.pdf
https://documentation.espressif.com/esp32-wroom-32d_esp32-wroom-32u_datasheet_en.pdf

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